Dosage Forms
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Tablet, Oral:
Alunbrig: 30 mg, 90 mg, 180 mg
Tablet Therapy Pack, Oral:
Alunbrig: 90 mg (7s) & 180 mg (23s) (30 ea)
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Brigatinib is a broad spectrum multikinase inhibitor with activity against anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS1, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), and FLT-3, as well as EGFR deletion and point mutations. ALK autophosphorylation and ALK-mediated phosphorylation of downstream signaling proteins STAT3, AKT, ERK1/2, and S6 are inhibited by brigatinib. In vitro, brigatinib also inhibited proliferation of cell lines expressing EML4-ALK and NPM-ALK fusion proteins. Brigatinib has activity against cells expressing EML4-ALK and 17 mutant forms associated with ALK inhibitor resistance, as well as EGFR-Del (E746-A750), ROS1-L2026M, FLT3-F691L, and FLT3-D835Y. Clinically, brigatinib showed anti-tumor activity against EML4-ALK mutant forms (including G1202R and L1196M) which were identified in NSCLC cells in patients who progressed on crizotinib.
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
Distribution
153 L
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic via CYP2C8 and CYP3A4; N-demethylation and cysteine conjugation are the two major metabolic pathways; metabolite AP26123 inhibits ALK with ~3-fold lower potency than brigatinib (in vitro)
Excretion
Feces (65%; 41% as unchanged drug); urine (25%; 86% as unchanged drug)
Time to Peak
1 to 4 hours
Half-Life Elimination
25 hours
Protein Binding
91% bound to plasma proteins (not concentration dependent)
Use in Specific Populations
Special Populations: Renal Function Impairment
Following a single brigatinib 90 mg dose, systemic exposure (AUC0-inf) of unbound brigatinib was 86% higher in patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl 15 to 29 mL/minute) compared with patients with normal renal function.
Special Populations: Hepatic Function Impairment
Following a single brigatinib 90 mg dose, systemic exposure (AUC0-inf) of unbound brigatinib was 37% higher in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C) compared with patients with normal hepatic function.
Use: Labeled Indications
Non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic: Treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have progressed on or are intolerant to crizotinib
Use: Off Label
Non-small cell lung cancer, advanced (initial ALK-inhibitor therapy)a
Data from an international, multicenter, randomized, active-controlled phase III study support the use of brigatinib as initial ALK-inhibitor therapy in patients with ALK-positive, locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer not previously treated with an ALK inhibitor (including patients with asymptomatic, untreated CNS metastases) Camidge 2018.
Contraindications
There are no contraindications listed in the US manufacturer's labeling.
Canadian labeling: Hypersensitivity to brigatinib or any component of the formulation.
Dosage and Administration
Dosing: Adult
Non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic (ALK-positive): Oral: 90 mg once daily for 7 days; if tolerated, increase dose to 180 mg once daily; continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (Kim 2017). Note: If therapy is interrupted for ≥14 days due to reasons other than toxicity, resume treatment at 90 mg once daily for 7 days before escalating dose to the previously tolerated dose.
Missed dose: If a dose is missed or vomited, do not administer an additional dose; take the next dose at the regularly scheduled time.
Dosage adjustment for concomitant strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors: Avoid concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors. If concurrent therapy with strong CYP3A inhibitors cannot be avoided, reduce the brigatinib dose by ~50% (eg, from 180 mg once daily to 90 mg once daily, or from 90 mg once daily to 60 mg once daily). If concurrent therapy with moderate CYP3A inhibitor cannot be avoided, reduce the brigatinib dose by ~40% (eg, from 180 mg once daily to 120 mg once daily, 120 mg once daily to 90 mg once daily, or from 90 mg once daily to 60 mg once daily). After the strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor is discontinued, resume brigatinib dose that was tolerated prior to initiation of the strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor.
Dosage adjustment for concomitant moderate CYP3A inducers: Avoid concomitant use of moderate CYP3A inducers. If concurrent therapy with moderate CYP3A inducer cannot be avoided, increase the brigatinib once daily dose in 30 mg increments every 7 days as tolerated up to a maximum of twice the brigatinib dose tolerated prior to initiating the moderate CYP3A inducer. After the moderate CYP3A inducer is discontinued, resume brigatinib dose that was tolerated prior to initiation of the moderate CYP3A inducer.
Dosage adjustment for concomitant strong CYP3A inducers: Avoid use.
Non-small cell lung cancer, advanced, initial ALK-inhibitor therapy (off-label use): Oral: 90 mg once daily for 7 days; if tolerated, increase dose to 180 mg once daily. Continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (Camidge 2018). Refer to protocol for recommended dosage adjustments; if therapy is interrupted for ≥14 days, resume treatment at 90 mg once daily for 7 days before escalating dose to the previously tolerated dose.
Dosing: Geriatric
Refer to adult dosing.
Dosing: Adjustment for Toxicity
Note: Once the dose is reduced for toxicity, do not subsequently escalate the dose.
Recommended brigatinib dosage adjustment levels:
If the dose received was 90 mg once daily:
First dose reduction: 60 mg once daily.
Second dose reduction: Permanently discontinue.
If the dose received was 180 mg once daily:
First dose reduction: 120 mg once daily.
Second dose reduction: 90 mg once daily.
Third dose reduction: 60 mg once daily.
Permanently discontinue if unable to tolerate the 60 mg once daily dose.
Cardiac toxicity:
Hypertension:
Grade 3 (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure [DBP] ≥100 mm Hg, medical intervention indicated, >1 antihypertensive medication necessary, or more intensive therapy than previously used): Interrupt brigatinib until hypertension improves to ≤ grade 1 (SBP <140 mm Hg and DBP <90 mm Hg), then resume at the next lower dose. If grade 3 hypertension recurs, interrupt brigatinib until improvement to ≤ grade 1 and resume at the next lower dose or permanently discontinue.
Grade 4 (life-threatening, urgent intervention required): Interrupt brigatinib until improvement to ≤ grade 1, then resume at the next lower dose or permanently discontinue. If grade 4 hypertension recurs, permanently discontinue.
Bradycardia (heart rate <60 bpm):
Symptomatic bradycardia: Interrupt brigatinib until recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of ≥60 bpm. If a concomitant bradycardia-inducing medication is identified and discontinued (or dose-adjusted), upon recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of ≥60 bpm, resume brigatinib at the previous dose. If no concomitant medication is identified (or cannot be discontinued or dose-adjusted), upon recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of ≥60 bpm, resume brigatinib at the next lower dose.
Life-threatening bradycardia (urgent intervention required): Permanently discontinue brigatinib if no contributing concomitant medication is identified. If contributing concomitant medication is present and discontinued (or dose-adjusted), upon recovery to asymptomatic bradycardia or to a resting heart rate of ≥60 bpm, resume brigatinib at the next lower dose (with frequent monitoring). If life-threatening bradycardia recurs, permanently discontinue.
Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation:
Grade 3 (CPK >5 times ULN): Interrupt brigatinib therapy until improvement to ≤ grade 1 (≤2.5 times ULN) or to baseline, then resume at the previous dose.
Grade 4 (CPK >10 times ULN) or recurrent grade 3 toxicity: Interrupt brigatinib therapy until improvement to ≤ grade 1 (≤2.5 times ULN) or to baseline, then resume at the next lower dose.
Hyperglycemia: Grade 3 or 4 (glucose ≥250 mg/dL or 13.9 mmol/L): Interrupt brigatinib therapy if adequate hyperglycemic control cannot be achieved with optimal medical management. Once hyperglycemic control is achieved, consider dose reduction to the next lower dose or permanently discontinue.
Lipase/amylase elevation:
Grade 3 (>2 times ULN): Interrupt brigatinib until improvement to ≤ grade 1 (≤1.5 times ULN) or to baseline, then resume at the previous dose.
Grade 4 (>5 times ULN) or recurrent grade 3 toxicity: Interrupt brigatinib therapy until improvement to ≤ grade 1 (≤1.5 times ULN) or to baseline, then resume at the next lower dose.
Ocular toxicity:
Grade 2 or 3 visual disturbance: Interrupt brigatinib therapy until improvement to grade 1 or baseline, then resume at the next lower dose.
Grade 4 visual disturbance: Permanently discontinue.
Pulmonary toxicity (interstitial lung disease [ILD]/pneumonitis):
Grade 1: If new pulmonary symptoms develop during the first 7 days of therapy, interrupt brigatinib until improvement to baseline, then resume treatment at the same dose; do not escalate to 180 mg once daily if ILD/pneumonitis is suspected. If new pulmonary symptoms occur after the first 7 days of therapy, interrupt brigatinib until improvement to baseline, then resume at the previous dose. If ILD/pneumonitis recurs, permanently discontinue.
Grade 2: If new pulmonary symptoms develop during the first 7 days of therapy, interrupt brigatinib until improvement to baseline, then resume treatment at the next lower dose; do not escalate to 180 mg once daily if ILD/pneumonitis is suspected. If new pulmonary symptoms occur after the first 7 days of therapy, interrupt brigatinib until improvement to baseline. If ILD/pneumonitis is suspected, resume at the next lower dose; otherwise, resume at the previous dose. If ILD/pneumonitis recurs, permanently discontinue.
Grade 3 or 4: Permanently discontinue.
Other toxicities:
Grade 3: Interrupt brigatinib therapy until improvement to baseline, then resume at the previous dose. If grade 3 toxicity recurs, interrupt brigatinib until improvement to baseline and then resume at the next lower dose or discontinue.
Grade 4: First occurrence: Interrupt brigatinib therapy until recovery to baseline and resume at the next lower dose or permanently discontinue. If grade 4 toxicity recurs, permanently discontinue.
Administration
Administer orally with or without food. Swallow tablets whole; do not crush or chew.
Dietary Considerations
Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice.
Storage
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F).
Drug Interactions
Antidiabetic Agents: Hyperglycemia-Associated Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Antidiabetic Agents. Monitor therapy
Antihypertensive Agents: Brigatinib may diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Brigatinib may enhance the bradycardic effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Monitor therapy
Bradycardia-Causing Agents: May enhance the bradycardic effect of other Bradycardia-Causing Agents. Monitor therapy
Ceritinib: Bradycardia-Causing Agents may enhance the bradycardic effect of Ceritinib. Management: If this combination cannot be avoided, monitor patients for evidence of symptomatic bradycardia, and closely monitor blood pressure and heart rate during therapy. Exceptions are discussed in separate monographs. Consider therapy modification
Clofazimine: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Conivaptan: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inducers (Moderate): May decrease the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Management: Avoid concurrent use of brigatinib with moderate CYP3A4 inducers when possible. If combined, increase the daily dose of brigatinib in 30 mg increments after 7 days of treatment with the current brigatinib dose, up to maximum of twice the dose. Consider therapy modification
CYP3A4 Inducers (Strong): May decrease the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate): May increase the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Management: Avoid concurrent use of brigatinib with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors when possible. If such a combination cannot be avoided, reduce the dose of brigatinib by approximately 40% (ie, from 180 mg to 120 mg, from 120 mg to 90 mg, or from 90 mg to 60 mg). Consider therapy modification
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Strong): May increase the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Management: Avoid concurrent use of brigatinib with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors when possible. If combination cannot be avoided, reduce the brigatinib dose by approximately 50%, rounding to the nearest tablet strength (ie, from 180 mg to 90 mg, or from 90 mg to 60 mg). Consider therapy modification
Dabrafenib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Management: Seek alternatives to the CYP3A4 substrate when possible. If concomitant therapy cannot be avoided, monitor clinical effects of the substrate closely (particularly therapeutic effects). Consider therapy modification
Deferasirox: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Erdafitinib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Erdafitinib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Estrogen Derivatives (Contraceptive): Brigatinib may decrease the serum concentration of Estrogen Derivatives (Contraceptive). Management: Females of childbearing potential should use an alternative, non-hormonal contraceptive during brigatinib therapy and for at least 4 months after the final brigatinib dose. Consider therapy modification
Fexinidazole [INT]: Bradycardia-Causing Agents may enhance the arrhythmogenic effect of Fexinidazole [INT]. Avoid combination
Fosaprepitant: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Fusidic Acid (Systemic): May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Avoid combination
Grapefruit Juice: May increase the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Avoid combination
Idelalisib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Avoid combination
Ivabradine: Bradycardia-Causing Agents may enhance the bradycardic effect of Ivabradine. Monitor therapy
Ivosidenib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Lacosamide: Bradycardia-Causing Agents may enhance the AV-blocking effect of Lacosamide. Monitor therapy
Larotrectinib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Lorlatinib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Management: Avoid concurrent use of lorlatinib with any CYP3A4 substrates for which a minimal decrease in serum concentrations of the CYP3A4 substrate could lead to therapeutic failure and serious clinical consequences. Consider therapy modification
Midodrine: May enhance the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents. Monitor therapy
MiFEPRIStone: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Management: Minimize doses of CYP3A4 substrates, and monitor for increased concentrations/toxicity, during and 2 weeks following treatment with mifepristone. Avoid cyclosporine, dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus, and tacrolimus. Consider therapy modification
Palbociclib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Progestins (Contraceptive): Brigatinib may decrease the serum concentration of Progestins (Contraceptive). Management: Females of childbearing potential should use an alternative, non-hormonal contraceptive during brigatinib therapy and for at least 4 months after the final brigatinib dose. Consider therapy modification
Ruxolitinib: May enhance the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents. Management: Ruxolitinib Canadian product labeling recommends avoiding use with bradycardia-causing agents to the extent possible. Monitor therapy
Sarilumab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Siltuximab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Simeprevir: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Siponimod: Bradycardia-Causing Agents may enhance the bradycardic effect of Siponimod. Management: Avoid coadministration of siponimod with drugs that may cause bradycardia. Consider therapy modification
St John's Wort: May decrease the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Avoid combination
Stiripentol: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Management: Use of stiripentol with CYP3A4 substrates that are considered to have a narrow therapeutic index should be avoided due to the increased risk for adverse effects and toxicity. Any CYP3A4 substrate used with stiripentol requires closer monitoring. Consider therapy modification
Terlipressin: May enhance the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents. Monitor therapy
Tocilizumab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Tofacitinib: May enhance the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents. Monitor therapy
Adverse Reactions
>10%:
Cardiovascular: Hypertension (11% to 21%)
Central nervous system: Fatigue (29% to 36%), headache (27% to 28%), peripheral neuropathy (13%, grades 3/4: ≤2%), insomnia (7% to 11%)
Dermatologic: Skin rash (15% to 24%)
Endocrine & metabolic: Increased serum AST (38% to 65%), hyperglycemia (38% to 49%; including exacerbations), increased serum ALT (34% to 40%), increased amylase (27% to 39%)
Gastrointestinal: Increased serum lipase (21% to 45%), nausea (33% to 40%), diarrhea (19% to 38%), vomiting (23% to 24%), decreased appetite (15% to 22%), constipation (15% to 19%), abdominal pain (10% to 17%)
Hematologic & oncologic: Anemia (23% to 40%; grades 3/4: <1%), lymphocytopenia (19% to 27%; grades 3/4: 3% to 5%), abnormal phosphorus levels (decreased; 15% to 23%; grades 3/4: <1%), prolonged partial thromboplastin time (20% to 22%; grades 3/4: ≤2%)
Hepatic: Increased serum alkaline phosphatase (15% to 29%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Increased creatine phosphokinase (27% to 48%), muscle spasm (12% to 17%), back pain (10% to 15%), myalgia (9% to 15%), arthralgia (14%), limb pain (4% to 11%)
Respiratory: Cough (18% to 34%), dyspnea (21% to 27%)
Miscellaneous: Fever (6% to 14%)
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Bradycardia (6% to 8%)
Ophthalmic: Visual disturbance (7% to 10%; including blurred vision, diplopia, and reduced visual acuity)
Respiratory: Interstitial pneumonitis (≤9%), pneumonitis ( ≤9%), hypoxia (≤3%), pneumonia (5% to 10%)
Warnings/Precautions
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- Cardiac effects: Hypertension was reported in ~10% to 20% of patients receiving brigatinib (including grade 3 hypertension). Blood pressure should be controlled prior to initiating brigatinib therapy. Monitor blood pressure after 2 weeks and at least monthly subsequently. May require brigatinib therapy interruption, dose reduction, or permanent discontinuation; may also require antihypertensive therapy. Bradycardia has also occurred with brigatinib therapy; monitor heart rate (more frequently if on concomitant bradycardia-inducing medication). Symptomatic bradycardia may require therapy interruption or dose reduction. Permanently discontinue for life-threatening bradycardia that is not associated with a concomitant medication. Use caution when administering brigatinib in combination with antihypertensive medications that cause bradycardia.
- Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation: CPK elevations have been reported in up to 50% of patients receiving brigatinib (including grade 3 or 4 elevations). A higher incidence was associated with the 180 mg/day dose (compared to 90 mg/day). Monitor CPK levels during treatment; advise patients to report unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness. Elevated CPK levels may require therapy interruption or dose reduction.
- GI toxicity: Pancreatic enzyme elevations (lipase and amylase) have been reported, including grade 3 or 4 elevations. A higher incidence was associated with the 180 mg/day dose (compared to 90 mg/day). Monitor amylase/lipase during treatment. May require therapy interruption or dose reduction. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain have also been observed with brigatinib therapy.
- Hyperglycemia: More than 40% of patients receiving brigatinib experienced new or worsening hyperglycemia, including grade 3 toxicity. Some patients with diabetes or glucose intolerance (at baseline) required insulin therapy while receiving brigatinib. Monitor fasting serum glucose at baseline and periodically during treatment. Initiate or optimize antihyperglycemic therapy; if adequate serum glucose control cannot be achieved with optimal medical management, interrupt brigatinib until metabolic control is achieved. Dose reduction or permanent discontinuation may be necessary.
- Ocular toxicity: Visual disturbances such as blurred vision, diplopia, and reduced visual acuity have been reported. Grade 3 macular edema and cataract also occurred (rare). Advise patients to report visual symptoms. Interrupt brigatinib therapy and obtain an ophthalmologic evaluation in patients with new or worsening ≥ grade 2 visual symptoms. May require dose reduction or permanent discontinuation.
- Pulmonary toxicity: Severe, life-threatening, and fatal cases of pulmonary toxicity consistent with interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis have been reported. ILD/pneumonitis occurred early (within 9 days of brigatinib initiation; median onset: 2 days) in some patients. A higher incidence was associated with the 180 mg/day dose (compared to 90 mg/day). Monitor for new or worsening pulmonary symptoms (eg, dyspnea, cough), particularly in the first week of therapy. Interrupt brigatinib in any patient with new or worsening respiratory symptoms; promptly evaluate for ILD/pneumonitis or other potential cause of toxicity (eg, pulmonary embolism, tumor progression, or infectious etiology). May require dose reduction or permanent discontinuation.
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Drug-drug/drug-food interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information.
Other warnings/precautions:
- Anaplastic lymphoma kinase testing: Approved for use only in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who test positive for the abnormal anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene.
Monitoring Parameters
ALK positivity; monitor creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and amylase/lipase levels periodically throughout therapy; fasting serum glucose at baseline and periodically thereafter; monitor heart rate and blood pressure (after 2 weeks and at least monthly thereafter); monitor for signs/symptoms of interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis (new or worsening pulmonary symptoms), muscular symptoms of CPK elevations, and visual disturbances (obtain ophthalmologic evaluation in patients with new or worsening ≥ grade 2 visual symptoms). Monitor adherence.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Considerations
Based on the mechanism of action and adverse events observed in animal reproduction studies, brigatinib may be expected to cause fetal harm if used during pregnancy.
Evaluate pregnancy status prior to therapy. Women of reproductive potential should use an effective nonhormonal contraceptive during therapy and for at least 4 months after the last brigatinib dose. Males with female partners of reproductive potential should use effective contraception during therapy and for at least 3 months after the last dose.
Patient Education
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, lack of appetite, back pain, joint pain, painful extremities, or trouble sleeping. Have patient report immediately to prescriber signs of high blood sugar (confusion, fatigue, increased thirst, increased hunger, passing a lot of urine, flushing, fast breathing, or breath that smells like fruit), signs of pancreatitis (severe abdominal pain, severe back pain, severe nausea, or vomiting), signs of low phosphate (vision changes, confusion, mood changes, muscle pain, muscle weakness, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or difficulty swallowing), severe headache, severe dizziness, passing out, vision changes, slow heartbeat, chest pain, double vision, sensitivity to light, muscle pain, muscle weakness, muscle spasms, burning or numbness feeling, severe loss of strength and energy, or signs of a severe pulmonary disorder (lung or breathing problems like difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, or a cough that is new or worse) (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for health care professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience, and judgment in diagnosing, treating, and advising patients.
