Dosage Forms
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Tablet Therapy Pack, Oral:
Kisqali (200 MG Dose): 200 mg (21 ea) [contains soybean lecithin]
Kisqali (400 MG Dose): 200 mg (14 ea, 42 ea) [contains soybean lecithin]
Kisqali (600 MG Dose): 200 mg (21 ea, 63 ea) [contains soybean lecithin]
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Ribociclib is a small molecule cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor which is selective for CDK 4 and 6; it blocks retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation and prevents progression through the cell cycle, resulting in arrest at the G1 phase (Hortobagyi 2016). The combination of ribociclib and an aromatase inhibitor causes increased inhibition of tumor growth compared with each agent alone. The combination of ribociclib and fulvestrant resulted in tumor growth inhibition in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer models.
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
Distribution
Vss/F: 1,090 L
Metabolism
Extensively hepatic, predominantly via CYP3A4; undergoes oxidation to circulating metabolites M13, M4, and M1, although clinical activity is primarily due to the parent drug.
Excretion
Feces (69%; 17% as parent drug, 14% as metabolite M1, ≤3% as other metabolites); Urine (23%; 12% as parent drug, 4% as M1, ≤3% as other metabolites)
Time to Peak
1 to 4 hours
Half-Life Elimination
Terminal: ~30 to 55 hours
Protein Binding
~70%
Use in Specific Populations
Special Populations: Renal Function Impairment
AUCinf increased by 1.96-fold and Cmax increased by 1.51-fold in subjects with severe renal impairment (eGFR 15 to <30 mL/minute/1.73 m2) compared to subjects with normal renal function.
Special Populations: Hepatic Function Impairment
The mean ribociclib exposure was increased less than 2-fold in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh classes B and C).
Use: Labeled Indications
Breast cancer, advanced or metastatic:
Treatment of hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer (in combination with an aromatase inhibitor) in pre-/perimenopausal or postmenopausal females as initial endocrine-based therapy.
Treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer (in combination with fulvestrant) in postmenopausal females as initial endocrine-based therapy or following disease progression on endocrine therapy.
Contraindications
There are no contraindications listed in the manufacturer's US labeling.
Canadian labeling: Additional contraindications (not in the US labeling): Hypersensitivity to ribociclib or any component of the formulation; untreated congenital long QT syndrome, Fridericia-corrected QT interval (QTcF) ≥450 msec at baseline and patients at significant risk of developing QTc prolongation.
Dosage and Administration
Dosing: Adult
Note: A luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist should be administered to pre-/perimenopausal females receiving ribociclib in combination with either an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant.
Breast cancer, advanced or metastatic: Females (hormone receptor [HR]-positive, human epidermal growth receptor 2 [HER2]-negative): Oral: 600 mg once daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day rest period to complete a 28-day treatment cycle (in combination with either an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant); continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (Hortobagyi 2016; Im 2019; Slamon 2018; Tripathy 2018).
Missed doses: If a ribociclib dose is missed or vomited, do not administer an additional dose that day. Resume ribociclib dosing with the next usual dose.
Dosage adjustment for concomitant strong CYP3A inhibitors: Avoid concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors and consider alternatives with less potential for CYP3A inhibition. If coadministration with a strong CYP3A inhibitor cannot be avoided, reduce ribociclib dose to 400 mg once daily. If the strong inhibitor is discontinued, increase ribociclib dose (after at least 5 inhibitor half-lives of the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor have elapsed) to the dose used prior to initiating the strong CYP3A inhibitor.
Dosing: Geriatric
Refer to adult dosing.
Dosing: Adjustment for Toxicity
Recommended ribociclib dosage adjustment levels:
Starting dose: 600 mg/day.
First dose reduction: Reduce to 400 mg/day.
Second dose reduction: Reduce to 200 mg/day.
If further dose reduction below 200 mg/day is needed, discontinue ribociclib.
Note: For dosage adjustment of concomitant aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant therapy refer to aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant monograph and/or prescribing information.
Hematologic toxicity:
Grade 1 or 2 neutropenia (ANC 1,000/mm3 to below the lower limit of normal): No dosage adjustment necessary.
Grade 3 neutropenia (ANC 500 to <1,000/mm3): Interrupt treatment until recovery to grade 2 or lower and then resume ribociclib at the same dose. For recurrent grade 3 neutropenia, interrupt treatment until recovery and then resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level.
Grade 3 neutropenic fever (a single episode of fever >38.3°C or fever above 38°C for more than 1 hour and/or concurrent infection): Interrupt treatment until recovery (of neutropenia) to grade 2 or lower and then resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level.
Grade 4 neutropenia (ANC <500/mm3): Interrupt treatment until recovery to grade 2 or lower and then resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level.
Nonhematologic toxicity:
Cardiovascular toxicity: QT prolongation:
QTcF >480 msec: Interrupt treatment; when QTcF resolves to <481 msec, resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level. If QTcF ≥481 msec recurs, interrupt treatment until QTcF resolves to <481 msec and resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level.
QTcF >500 msec: Interrupt treatment for QTcF >500 msec; if QTcF resolves to <481 msec, may resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level. If QTcF interval prolongation is either >500 msec or >60 msec increase from baseline AND associated with torsades de pointes, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, unexplained syncope, or signs/symptoms of serious arrhythmia, permanently discontinue ribociclib.
Pulmonary toxicity: Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis:
Grade 1 (asymptomatic): No dosage interruption or adjustment necessary. Initiate appropriate medical management and monitoring as clinically indicated.
Grade 2 (symptomatic): Interrupt treatment until recovery to grade 1 or lower and then consider resuming ribociclib at the next lower dose level, based on the risks versus benefits of resuming therapy. If grade 2 toxicity recurs, discontinue ribociclib.
Grade 3 (severe symptomatic) or 4 (life threatening): Discontinue ribociclib.
Other nonhematologic toxicities (excluding neutropenia, hepatobiliary toxicity, QT interval prolongation, and interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis; based on Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.03):
Grade 1 or 2: No dosage adjustment necessary. Initiate appropriate medical management and monitoring as clinically indicated.
Grade 3: Interrupt treatment until recovery to grade 1 or lower and then resume ribociclib at the same dose level. If grade 3 toxicity recurs, interrupt treatment until recovery to grade 1 or lower and then resume ribociclib at the next lower dose level.
Grade 4: Discontinue ribociclib.
Administration
Oral: May be administered with or without food. Administer at approximately the same time each day, preferably in the morning. Swallow tablets whole; do not crush, chew, or split tablets (do not ingest broken or cracked tablets).
Dietary Considerations
Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice.
Storage
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Store in the original package.
Drug Interactions
Abemaciclib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Abemaciclib. Monitor therapy
Acalabrutinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Acalabrutinib. Management: Reduce acalabrutinib dose to 100 mg once daily with concurrent use of a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Monitor patient closely for both acalabrutinib response and evidence of adverse effects with any concurrent use. Consider therapy modification
AmLODIPine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of AmLODIPine. Monitor therapy
Apixaban: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Apixaban. Monitor therapy
Aprepitant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Aprepitant. Avoid combination
ARIPiprazole: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of ARIPiprazole. Management: Monitor for increased aripiprazole pharmacologic effects. Aripiprazole dose adjustments may or may not be required based on concomitant therapy and/or indication. Consult full interaction monograph for specific recommendations. Monitor therapy
Asunaprevir: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Asunaprevir. Avoid combination
Avanafil: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Avanafil. Management: The maximum avanafil adult dose is 50 mg per 24-hour period when used together with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Patients receiving such a combination should also be monitored more closely for evidence of adverse effects. Consider therapy modification
Avapritinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Avapritinib. Management: Avoid use of moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors with avapritinib. If this combination cannot be avoided, reduce the avapritinib dose from 300 mg once daily to 100 mg once daily. Consider therapy modification
Axitinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Axitinib. Monitor therapy
Baricitinib: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Baricitinib. Management: Use of baricitinib in combination with potent immunosuppressants such as azathioprine or cyclosporine is not recommended. Concurrent use with antirheumatic doses of methotrexate or nonbiologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is permitted. Consider therapy modification
BCG (Intravesical): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG (Intravesical). Avoid combination
BCG (Intravesical): Myelosuppressive Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG (Intravesical). Avoid combination
Benzhydrocodone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Benzhydrocodone. Specifically, the concentration of hydrocodone may be increased. Monitor therapy
Blonanserin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Blonanserin. Monitor therapy
Bosentan: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Bosentan: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Bosentan. Management: Concomitant use of both a CYP2C9 inhibitor and a CYP3A inhibitor or a single agent that inhibits both enzymes with bosentan is likely to cause a large increase in serum concentrations of bosentan and is not recommended. See monograph for details. Monitor therapy
Bosutinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Bosutinib. Avoid combination
Brexpiprazole: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Brexpiprazole. Management: The brexpiprazole dose should be reduced to 25% of usual if used together with both a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor and a strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor, or if a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor is used in a CYP2D6 poor metabolizer. Monitor therapy
Brigatinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Brigatinib. Management: Avoid concurrent use of brigatinib with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors when possible. If such a combination cannot be avoided, reduce the dose of brigatinib by approximately 40% (ie, from 180 mg to 120 mg, from 120 mg to 90 mg, or from 90 mg to 60 mg). Consider therapy modification
Bromocriptine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Bromocriptine. Management: The bromocriptine dose should not exceed 1.6 mg daily with use of a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. The Cycloset brand specifically recommends this dose limitation, but other bromocriptine products do not make such specific recommendations. Consider therapy modification
Budesonide (Systemic): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Budesonide (Systemic). Avoid combination
Budesonide (Topical): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Budesonide (Topical). Management: Per US prescribing information, avoid this combination. Canadian product labeling does not recommend strict avoidance. If combined, monitor for excessive glucocorticoid effects as budesonide exposure may be increased. Consider therapy modification
Cannabidiol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Cannabidiol. Monitor therapy
Cannabis: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Cannabis. More specifically, tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol serum concentrations may be increased. Monitor therapy
Chloramphenicol (Ophthalmic): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Myelosuppressive Agents. Monitor therapy
Cilostazol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Cilostazol. Management: Consider reducing the cilostazol dose to 50 mg twice daily in adult patients who are also receiving moderate inhibitors of CYP3A4. Consider therapy modification
Citalopram: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of Citalopram. Monitor therapy
Cladribine: May enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Cladribine: May enhance the myelosuppressive effect of Myelosuppressive Agents. Avoid combination
Clofazimine: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Cobimetinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Cobimetinib. Management: Avoid the concomitant use of cobimetinib and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors. If concurrent short term (14 days or less) use cannot be avoided, reduce the cobimetinib dose to 20 mg daily. Avoid combination
Coccidioides immitis Skin Test: Immunosuppressants may diminish the diagnostic effect of Coccidioides immitis Skin Test. Monitor therapy
Codeine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase serum concentrations of the active metabolite(s) of Codeine. Monitor therapy
Colchicine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Colchicine. Management: Reduce colchicine dose as directed when using with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, and increase monitoring for colchicine-related toxicity. See full monograph for details. Use extra caution in patients with impaired renal and/or hepatic function. Consider therapy modification
Conivaptan: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Avoid combination
Crizotinib: QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of Crizotinib. QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of Crizotinib. Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
CYP3A4 Inducers (Moderate): May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
CYP3A4 Inducers (Strong): May decrease the serum concentration of Ribociclib. Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate): May decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Strong): May increase the serum concentration of Ribociclib. Management: Avoid use of ribociclib with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors when possible; if combined use cannot be avoided, reduce ribociclib dose to 400 mg once daily. Exceptions are discussed in separate monographs. Exceptions: Ceritinib; Clarithromycin; Saquinavir; Voriconazole. Consider therapy modification
CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Exceptions: Alitretinoin (Systemic); Praziquantel; Trabectedin; Vinorelbine. Monitor therapy
Dabrafenib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Management: Seek alternatives to the CYP3A4 substrate when possible. If concomitant therapy cannot be avoided, monitor clinical effects of the substrate closely (particularly therapeutic effects). Consider therapy modification
Dapoxetine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Dapoxetine. Management: The dose of dapoxetine should be limited to 30 mg per day when used together with a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4. Consider therapy modification
Deferasirox: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Deferiprone: Myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the neutropenic effect of Deferiprone. Management: Avoid the concomitant use of deferiprone and myelosuppressive agents whenever possible. If this combination cannot be avoided, monitor the absolute neutrophil count more closely. Consider therapy modification
Deflazacort: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase serum concentrations of the active metabolite(s) of Deflazacort. Management: Administer one third of the recommended deflazacort dose when used together with a strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Consider therapy modification
Denosumab: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Specifically, the risk for serious infections may be increased. Monitor therapy
Dipyrone: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Myelosuppressive Agents. Specifically, the risk for agranulocytosis and pancytopenia may be increased Avoid combination
Domperidone: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of Domperidone. Avoid combination
DOXOrubicin (Conventional): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of DOXOrubicin (Conventional). Management: Seek alternatives to moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors in patients treated with doxorubicin whenever possible. One U.S. manufacturer (Pfizer Inc.) recommends that these combinations be avoided. Consider therapy modification
Dronabinol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Dronabinol. Monitor therapy
Duvelisib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Echinacea: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Eletriptan: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Eletriptan. Management: The use of eletriptan within 72 hours of a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor should be avoided. Consider therapy modification
Elexacaftor, Tezacaftor, and Ivacaftor: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Elexacaftor, Tezacaftor, and Ivacaftor. Management: When combined with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors, two elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (100 mg/50 mg/75 mg) tablets should be given in the morning, every other day. Ivacaftor (150 mg) should be given in the morning, every other day on alternate days. Consider therapy modification
Eliglustat: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Eliglustat. Management: Use should be avoided under some circumstances. See full drug interaction monograph for details. Consider therapy modification
Encorafenib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Encorafenib. Management: Avoid concomitant use of encorafenib and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors whenever possible. If concomitant administration is unavoidable, decrease the encorafenib dose prior to initiation of the CYP3A4 inhibitor. See full monograph for details. Consider therapy modification
Encorafenib: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of Encorafenib. Management: Avoid using moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors together with encorafenib if possible. If the combination must be used, reduce the encorafenib dose prior to initiation of the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor and monitor QT interval. See full monograph for details. Consider therapy modification
Entrectinib: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of Entrectinib. Avoid combination
Eplerenone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Eplerenone. Management: When used concomitantly with moderate inhibitors of CYP3A4, eplerenone dosing recommendations vary by indication and international labeling. See full drug interaction monograph for details. Consider therapy modification
Erdafitinib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Erdafitinib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Erythromycin (Systemic): May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
Estrogen Derivatives: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Estrogen Derivatives. Monitor therapy
Everolimus: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Everolimus. Management: Everolimus dose reductions are required for most indications. See full monograph or prescribing information for specific dose adjustment and monitoring recommendations. Consider therapy modification
FentaNYL: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of FentaNYL. Management: Monitor patients closely for several days following initiation of this combination, and adjust fentanyl dose as necessary. Consider therapy modification
Fexinidazole [INT]: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Agents (Moderate Risk). Avoid combination
Fingolimod: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Fingolimod. Management: Avoid the concomitant use of fingolimod and other immunosuppressants when possible. If combined, monitor patients closely for additive immunosuppressant effects (eg, infections). Consider therapy modification
Flibanserin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Flibanserin. Avoid combination
Fluconazole: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
Fosaprepitant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant. Avoid combination
Fosnetupitant: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Fusidic Acid (Systemic): May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Avoid combination
Grapefruit Juice: May increase the serum concentration of Ribociclib. Avoid combination
GuanFACINE: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of GuanFACINE. Management: Reduce the guanfacine dose by 50% when initiating this combination. Consider therapy modification
Haloperidol: QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of Haloperidol. Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
HYDROcodone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of HYDROcodone. Monitor therapy
Ibrutinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ibrutinib. Management: When treating B-cell malignancies, decrease ibrutinib to 280 mg daily when combined with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors. When treating graft versus host disease, monitor patients closely and reduce the ibrutinib dose as needed based on adverse reactions. Consider therapy modification
Idelalisib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Avoid combination
Ifosfamide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may decrease serum concentrations of the active metabolite(s) of Ifosfamide. Monitor therapy
Imatinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Imatinib. Monitor therapy
Ivabradine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ivabradine. Avoid combination
Ivacaftor: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ivacaftor. Management: Ivacaftor dose reductions may be required; consult full monograph content for age- and weight-specific dosage recommendations. Consider therapy modification
Larotrectinib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Lefamulin: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging CYP3A4 Substrates. Management: Do not use lefamulin tablets with QT-prolonging CYP3A4 substrates. Lefamulin prescribing information lists this combination as contraindicated. Avoid combination
Leflunomide: Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Leflunomide. Specifically, the risk for hematologic toxicity such as pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, and/or thrombocytopenia may be increased. Management: Consider not using a leflunomide loading dose in patients receiving other immunosuppressants. Patients receiving both leflunomide and another immunosuppressant should be monitored for bone marrow suppression at least monthly. Consider therapy modification
Lemborexant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Lemborexant. Avoid combination
Levamlodipine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Levamlodipine. Monitor therapy
Lomitapide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Lomitapide. Avoid combination
Lorlatinib: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Management: Avoid concurrent use of lorlatinib with any CYP3A4 substrates for which a minimal decrease in serum concentrations of the CYP3A4 substrate could lead to therapeutic failure and serious clinical consequences. Consider therapy modification
Lumateperone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Lumateperone. Avoid combination
Lurasidone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Lurasidone. Management: Lurasidone US labeling recommends reducing lurasidone dose by half with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Some non-US labeling recommends initiating lurasidone at 20 mg/day and limiting dose to 40 mg/day; avoid concurrent use of grapefruit products. Consider therapy modification
Manidipine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Manidipine. Monitor therapy
Meperidine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Meperidine. Monitor therapy
Mesalamine: May enhance the myelosuppressive effect of Myelosuppressive Agents. Monitor therapy
MiFEPRIStone: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Management: Minimize doses of CYP3A4 substrates, and monitor for increased concentrations/toxicity, during and 2 weeks following treatment with mifepristone. Avoid cyclosporine, dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus, and tacrolimus. Consider therapy modification
Mirodenafil: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Mirodenafil. Monitor therapy
Naldemedine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Naldemedine. Monitor therapy
Nalfurafine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Nalfurafine. Monitor therapy
Naloxegol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Naloxegol. Avoid combination
Natalizumab: Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Natalizumab. Specifically, the risk of concurrent infection may be increased. Avoid combination
Neratinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Neratinib. Avoid combination
Netupitant: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Nilotinib: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of Ribociclib. Management: Consider alternatives to this combination. Patients with other risk factors (eg, older age, female sex, bradycardia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, heart disease, and higher drug concentrations) are likely at greater risk for these toxicities. Consider therapy modification
NiMODipine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of NiMODipine. Monitor therapy
Nivolumab: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Nivolumab. Consider therapy modification
Ocrelizumab: May enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Immunosuppressants. Monitor therapy
Olaparib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Olaparib. Management: Avoid use of moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors in patients being treated with olaparib, if possible. If such concurrent use cannot be avoided, the dose of olaparib should be reduced to 150 mg twice daily. Consider therapy modification
Ondansetron: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
OxyCODONE: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of OxyCODONE. CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of OxyCODONE. Serum concentrations of the active metabolite Oxymorphone may also be increased. Monitor therapy
Palbociclib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Monitor therapy
Pentamidine (Systemic): May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
Pexidartinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Pexidartinib. Monitor therapy
Pidotimod: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Pidotimod. Monitor therapy
Pimecrolimus: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Pimozide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Pimozide. Avoid combination
Pimozide: May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Agents (Moderate Risk). Avoid combination
Pomegranate: May increase the serum concentration of Ribociclib. Avoid combination
Posaconazole: May increase the serum concentration of QT-prolonging CYP3A4 Substrates. Such increases may lead to a greater risk for proarrhythmic effects and other similar toxicities. Avoid combination
Promazine: May enhance the myelosuppressive effect of Myelosuppressive Agents. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Agents (Highest Risk): May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of Ribociclib. Avoid combination
QT-prolonging Antidepressants (Moderate Risk): May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Exceptions: Citalopram. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Antipsychotics (Moderate Risk): QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Antipsychotics (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Exceptions: Pimozide; QUEtiapine. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Class IC Antiarrhythmics (Moderate Risk): May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Kinase Inhibitors (Moderate Risk): QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Kinase Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of QT-prolonging Kinase Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Exceptions: Encorafenib; Entrectinib. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents (Moderate Risk): QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Exceptions: Domperidone. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Quinolone Antibiotics (Moderate Risk): May enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). Management: Monitor for QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
QT-prolonging Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk): Ribociclib may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk). QT-prolonging Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of Ribociclib. Management: Avoid concomitant use of ribociclib and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors that prolong the QTc interval whenever possible. If combined, decrease the ribociclib dose to 400 mg daily. Monitor for ribociclib toxicities including QTc prolongation and arrhythmias. Consider therapy modification
QUEtiapine: QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QUEtiapine. QT-prolonging Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate Risk) may increase the serum concentration of QUEtiapine. Management: Monitor for increased quetiapine toxicities including QTc interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias when these agents are combined. Patients with additional risk factors for QTc prolongation may be at even higher risk. Monitor therapy
Ranolazine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ranolazine. Management: Limit the ranolazine adult dose to a maximum of 500 mg twice daily in patients concurrently receiving moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., diltiazem, verapamil, erythromycin, etc.). Consider therapy modification
Roflumilast: May enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Rupatadine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Rupatadine. Monitor therapy
Ruxolitinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ruxolitinib. Monitor therapy
Salmeterol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Salmeterol. Monitor therapy
Sarilumab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
SAXagliptin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of SAXagliptin. Monitor therapy
Sildenafil: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Sildenafil. Monitor therapy
Silodosin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Silodosin. Monitor therapy
Siltuximab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Simeprevir: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Simeprevir. Avoid combination
Siponimod: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Siponimod. Monitor therapy
Sipuleucel-T: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Sipuleucel-T. Management: Evaluate patients to see if it is medically appropriate to reduce or discontinue therapy with immunosuppressants prior to initiating sipuleucel-T therapy. Consider therapy modification
Sirolimus: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Sirolimus. Management: Monitor for increased serum concentrations of sirolimus if combined with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Lower initial sirolimus doses or sirolimus dose reductions will likely be required. Consider therapy modification
Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine (Live): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine (Live). Monitor therapy
Sonidegib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Sonidegib. Management: Avoid concomitant use of sonidegib and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors when possible. When concomitant use cannot be avoided, limit CYP3A4 inhibitor use to less than 14 days and monitor for sonidegib toxicity (particularly musculoskeletal adverse reactions). Consider therapy modification
St John's Wort: May decrease the serum concentration of Ribociclib. Avoid combination
Stiripentol: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Management: Use of stiripentol with CYP3A4 substrates that are considered to have a narrow therapeutic index should be avoided due to the increased risk for adverse effects and toxicity. Any CYP3A4 substrate used with stiripentol requires closer monitoring. Consider therapy modification
Suvorexant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Suvorexant. Management: The recommended dose of suvorexant is 5 mg daily in patients receiving a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. The dose can be increased to 10 mg daily (maximum dose) if necessary for efficacy. Consider therapy modification
Tacrolimus (Topical): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Tamoxifen: Ribociclib may increase the serum concentration of Tamoxifen. Management: Concurrent use of ribociclib with tamoxifen is not indicated. Use of this combination may increase the effects and toxicities of tamoxifen. Consider therapy modification
Tamsulosin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Tamsulosin. Monitor therapy
Tazemetostat: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Tazemetostat. Management: Avoid coadministration of tazemetostat and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors. If coadministration cannot be avoided, dose reductions are required. See full monograph for dosing recommendations. Consider therapy modification
Tertomotide: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Tertomotide. Monitor therapy
Tetrahydrocannabinol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Tetrahydrocannabinol. Monitor therapy
Tezacaftor and Ivacaftor: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Tezacaftor and Ivacaftor. Management: When combined with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors, tezacaftor/ivacaftor should be given in the morning, every other day. Ivacaftor alone should be given in the morning, every other day on alternate days. Consider therapy modification
Ticagrelor: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ticagrelor. Monitor therapy
Tocilizumab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inducers). Monitor therapy
Tofacitinib: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Tofacitinib. Management: Concurrent use with antirheumatic doses of methotrexate or nonbiologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is permitted, and this warning seems particularly focused on more potent immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Tolvaptan: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Tolvaptan. Management: Jynarque dose requires adjustment when used with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. See labeling or full interaction monograph for specific recommendations. Use of Samsca with moderate CYP3A4 ihibitors should generally be avoided. Consider therapy modification
Trabectedin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Trabectedin. Monitor therapy
Trastuzumab: May enhance the neutropenic effect of Immunosuppressants. Monitor therapy
Triazolam: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Triazolam. Management: Consider triazolam dose reduction in patients receiving concomitant moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors. Consider therapy modification
Ubrogepant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ubrogepant. Management: Use an initial ubrogepant dose of 50 mg and avoid a second dose for 24 hours when used with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors. Consider therapy modification
Udenafil: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Udenafil. Monitor therapy
Ulipristal: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Ulipristal. Management: This is specific for when ulipristal is being used for signs/symptoms of uterine fibroids (Canadian indication). When ulipristal is used as an emergency contraceptive, patients receiving this combination should be monitored for ulipristal toxicity. Avoid combination
Upadacitinib: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Upadacitinib. Avoid combination
Vaccines (Inactivated): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Inactivated). Management: Vaccine efficacy may be reduced. Complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to starting an immunosuppressant. If vaccinated during immunosuppressant therapy, revaccinate at least 3 months after immunosuppressant discontinuation. Consider therapy modification
Vaccines (Live): Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Vaccines (Live). Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Live). Management: Avoid use of live organism vaccines with immunosuppressants; live-attenuated vaccines should not be given for at least 3 months after immunosuppressants. Exceptions: Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine (Live). Avoid combination
Venetoclax: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Venetoclax. Management: Reduce the venetoclax dose by at least 50% in patients requiring these combinations. Consider therapy modification
Vilazodone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Vilazodone. Monitor therapy
Vindesine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Vindesine. Monitor therapy
Zanubrutinib: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Zanubrutinib. Management: Decrease the zanubrutinib dose to 80 mg twice daily during coadministration with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Further dose adjustments may be required for zanubrutinib toxicities, refer to prescribing information for details. Consider therapy modification
Zopiclone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Zopiclone. Management: The starting adult dose of zopiclone should not exceed 3.75 mg if combined with a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of zopiclone toxicity if these agents are combined. Consider therapy modification
Zuclopenthixol: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate) may increase the serum concentration of Zuclopenthixol. Monitor therapy
Adverse Reactions
As reported with combination therapy.
>10%:
Cardiovascular: Peripheral edema (12% to 15%)
Central nervous system: Fatigue (37%), headache (22%), dizziness (13%), insomnia (12%)
Dermatologic: Alopecia (19% to 33%), skin rash (17% to 23%), pruritus (10% to 20%)
Endocrine & metabolic: Increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (42% to 52%), decreased serum glucose (10% to 23%), decreased serum albumin (12%), decreased serum potassium (11%)
Gastrointestinal: Nausea (31% to 52%), diarrhea (29% to 35%), vomiting (27% to 29%), constipation (16% to 25%), decreased appetite (16% to 19%), abdominal pain (11% to 17%), stomatitis (10% to 12%; grade 3: <1%)
Genitourinary: Urinary tract infection (11%)
Hematologic & oncologic: Neutropenia (69% to 78%; grade 3: 46% to 55%; grade 4: 7% to 10%), leukopenia (27% to 33%; grade 3: 12% to 20%; grade 4: ≤1%), anemia (17% to 19%; grade 3: 1% to 3%; grade 4: <1%), abnormal serum phosphorus level (decreased; 13% to 18%; grade 3: 2% to 5%; grade 4: 1%), lymphocytopenia (11%; grade 3: 6%; grade 4: 1%)
Hepatic: Increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (13% to 49%), increased serum alanine aminotransferase (13% to 46%), abnormal hepatic function tests (18%)
Infection: Infection (35% to 42%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Arthralgia (33%), back pain (20%), asthenia (12% to 14%)
Renal: Increased serum creatinine (20% to 65%)
Respiratory: Cough (15% to 22%), dyspnea (12% to 15%)
Miscellaneous: Fever (11% to 17%)
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Prolonged QT interval on ECG (1% to 6%), syncope (≤3%)
Central nervous system: Vertigo (5%)
Dermatologic: Xeroderma (8%), erythema of skin (4%), vitiligo (3%)
Endocrine & metabolic: Hypocalcemia (2% to 4%)
Gastrointestinal: Dyspepsia (5% to 10%), dysgeusia (7%), xerostomia (5%)
Hematologic & oncologic: Thrombocytopenia (9%), febrile neutropenia (1%)
Hepatic: Increased serum bilirubin (1%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Limb pain (10%)
Ophthalmic: Dry eye syndrome (4% to 5%), increased lacrimation (4%)
Respiratory: Oropharyngeal pain (7%), interstitial pulmonary disease (≤1%), pneumonitis (≤1%)
<1%: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, gastroenteritis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary infiltrates, sepsis
Warnings/Precautions
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- Bone marrow suppression: Neutropenia commonly occurs, including grades 3 and 4 neutropenia. The median time to onset for grade 2 or higher neutropenia was 16 days. The median recovery for grade 3 or higher neutropenia was 12 days (resolution to normal levels or to less than grade 3 toxicity). Neutropenic fever has been observed. Monitor blood counts (baseline, every 2 weeks for the first 2 cycles, at the beginning of each subsequent 4 cycles and as clinically necessary). Neutropenia may require treatment interruption, dose reduction and/or discontinuation (depending on the severity). Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and lymphopenia have also been observed.
- Hepatobiliary toxicity: ALT and/or AST elevations have been observed, including grade 3 or 4 events. The median time to onset for grade 3 or higher transaminase elevations was 85 days; the median time for grade 3 or higher elevations to resolve to grade 2 or lower was 22 days. Concurrent elevation of ALT or AST >3 times ULN and total bilirubin >2 times ULN (with normal alkaline phosphatase and in the absence of cholestasis) occurred (rare); all cases resolved following ribociclib discontinuation. Monitor liver function tests (baseline, every 2 weeks for the first 2 cycles, at the beginning of each subsequent 4 cycles and as clinically necessary); if grade 2 or higher abnormalities occur, monitor more frequently. Depending on the severity, hepatobiliary toxicity may require treatment interruption, dose reduction and/or discontinuation.
- Pulmonary toxicity: Severe, life-threatening, and/or fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) and/or pneumonitis may occur with ribociclib (and other cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors). Monitor closely for symptoms of ILD/pneumonitis, which may include hypoxia, cough, dyspnea, or interstitial infiltrates on radiologic exam. Exclude infectious, neoplastic, and other causes for pulmonary toxicity. ILD/pneumonitis may require treatment interruption, dose reduction, and/or discontinuation.
- QT prolongation: Ribociclib is associated with concentration-dependent QT prolongation, with an estimated mean increase in the QT interval exceeding 20 msec at the mean steady-state Cmax of a 600 mg once daily dose. QTcF interval prolongation >500 msec has been observed, as well as QTcF prolongations >60 msec from baseline. QT interval changes occurred within the initial 4 weeks of ribociclib therapy and were reversible with treatment interruption. Torsades de pointes has not been reported, although syncope occurred in a small percentage of patients. One sudden death was reported in a patient with grade 3 hypokalemia and grade 2 QT prolongation. In a clinical trial of ribociclib plus either tamoxifen or a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, an increase of >60 msec from baseline in the QTcF interval was observed at an increased incidence in the tamoxifen arm compared to the aromatase inhibitor arm (Im 2019). Ribociclib is not indicated for concomitant use with tamoxifen. Evaluate ECG prior to treatment initiation. Initiate treatment only in patients with QTcF <450 msec. Repeat ECG on day 14 of cycle 1, at the beginning of cycle 2, and as clinically indicated; if QTcF is prolonged at any time during treatment, monitor ECG more frequently. Monitor serum electrolytes (including potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphorous) prior to treatment, at the beginning of each of the first 6 cycles, and as clinically indicated. Correct electrolyte abnormality prior to ribociclib treatment initiation. QT prolongation may require treatment interruption, dose reduction and/or discontinuation. Avoid ribociclib use in patients who have or are at significant risk for developing QTc prolongation, including patients with long QT syndrome, uncontrolled or significant cardiac disease (eg, recent myocardial infarction, heart failure, unstable angina, bradyarrhythmias), or electrolyte abnormalities. Also avoid using ribociclib with medications known to prolong the QTc interval and/or strong CYP3A inhibitors (may prolong the QTcF interval).
Disease-related concerns:
- Hepatic impairment: Reduced initial doses are recommended for moderate to severe impairment.
- Renal impairment: Reduced initial doses are recommended for severe impairment.
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Drug-drug interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information.
Monitoring Parameters
Complete blood count (baseline, every 2 weeks for the first 2 cycles, at the beginning of each subsequent 4 cycles and as clinically necessary); liver function tests (baseline, every 2 weeks for the first 2 cycles, at the beginning of each subsequent 4 cycles and as clinically necessary; if grade 2 or higher abnormalities occur, monitor more frequently); serum electrolytes (including potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphorous) prior to treatment, at the beginning of the first 6 cycles, and as clinically indicated; pregnancy test prior to treatment (in females of reproductive potential). ECG (prior to treatment initiation; repeat on day 14 of cycle 1, at the beginning of cycle 2, and as clinically indicated; if QTcF is prolonged at any time during treatment, monitor ECG more frequently). Monitor for signs/symptoms of interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis. Monitor adherence.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Considerations
Based on the mechanism of action and data from animal reproduction studies, ribociclib may be expected to cause fetal harm if used during pregnancy. Women of reproductive potential should have a pregnancy test prior to treatment and use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after the last ribociclib dose.
Patient Education
What is this drug used for?
- It is used to treat a type of breast cancer.
Frequently reported side effects of this drug
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Lack of appetite
- Mouth irritation
- Mouth sores
- Abdominal pain
- Hair loss
- Headache
- Back pain
- Trouble sleeping
Other side effects of this drug: Talk with your doctor right away if you have any of these signs of:
- Infection
- Urinary tract infection like blood in the urine, burning or painful urination, passing a lot of urine, fever, lower abdominal pain, or pelvic pain
- Liver problems like dark urine, fatigue, lack of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, light-colored stools, vomiting, or yellow skin
- Electrolyte problems like mood changes, confusion, muscle pain or weakness, abnormal heartbeat, seizures, lack of appetite, or severe nausea or vomiting
- Dizziness
- Passing out
- Fast heartbeat
- Abnormal heartbeat
- Severe loss of strength and energy
- Bruising
- Bleeding
- Swelling in the arms or legs
- Severe pulmonary disorder like lung or breathing problems like difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, or a cough that is new or worse
- Signs of a significant reaction like wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Talk to your doctor if you have questions.
Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer: This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this medicine or any other medicine. Only the healthcare provider has the knowledge and training to decide which medicines are right for a specific patient. This information does not endorse any medicine as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. This is only a brief summary of general information about this medicine. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this medicine. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from the healthcare provider. You must talk with the healthcare provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using this medicine.
