5 Interactions found for:
Drug Interactions
No drug interactions were found for selected drugs: losartan, Vitamin D3.
This does not necessarily mean no interactions exist. Always consult your healthcare provider.
Drug and Food Interactions
Moderate
Losartan
+ Food
The following applies to the ingredients: Losartan
If you are taking losartan you should avoid potassium-containing salt substitutes or over-the-counter potassium supplements without first talking to your doctor. This can cause high levels of potassium in your blood. High levels of potassium can cause weakness, irregular heartbeat, confusion, tingling of the extremities, or feelings of heaviness in the legs. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these symptoms.
In some patients grapefruits and grapefruit juice may decrease the efficacy of losartan. Grapefruits and grapefruit juice should be avoided if an interaction is suspected. Orange juice is not expected to interact.
Drug and Pregnancy Interactions
Major
Losartan
+ Pregnancy
The following applies to the ingredients: Losartan
Professional Content
AU: Use is contraindicated.
UK: Use is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy and is contraindicated during the second and third trimesters.
US: This drug should not be used during pregnancy unless there are no alternatives and the benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus.
AU TGA pregnancy category: D
US FDA pregnancy category: D
Comments: Adequate methods of contraception should be encouraged.
Animal studies have revealed evidence of fetal and neonatal toxicity and mortality. In humans, use of drugs that act on the renin angiotensin system (RAS) during the second and third trimesters increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy.
AU TGA pregnancy category D: Drugs which have caused, are suspected to have caused or may be expected to cause, an increased incidence of human fetal malformations or irreversible damage. These drugs may also have adverse pharmacological effects. Accompanying texts should be consulted for further details.
US FDA pregnancy category D: There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
References
- "Product Information. Cozaar (losartan)." Merck & Co., Inc PROD (2001):
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
Minor
Vitamin D3
+ Pregnancy
The following applies to the ingredients: Cholecalciferol (found in Vitamin D3)
Professional Content
Use is not recommended unless there is a deficiency.
AU TGA pregnancy category: Exempt
US FDA pregnancy category: Not assigned
Comments:
-Vitamin D supplementation should begin a few months prior to pregnancy.
Animal studies at high doses have shown teratogenicity. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy. Because vitamin D raises calcium levels, it is suspect in the pathogenesis of supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome, which is often associated with idiopathic hypercalcemia of infancy, but excessive vitamin D intake or retention has not been found consistently in these mothers. A study of 15 patients with maternal hypoparathyroidism, treated with high dose vitamin D during pregnancy (average 107,000 international units per day) to maintain normal calcium levels, produced all normal children. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with reduced fetal growth, neonatal hypocalcemia (with and without convulsions), rickets, and defective tooth enamel.
AU TGA pregnancy category Exempt: Medicines exempted from pregnancy classification are not absolutely safe for use in pregnancy in all circumstances. Some exempted medicines, for example the complementary medicine, St John's Wort, may interact with other medicines and induce unexpected adverse effects in the mother and/or fetus.
US FDA pregnancy category Not Assigned: The US FDA has amended the pregnancy labeling rule for prescription drug products to require labeling that includes a summary of risk, a discussion of the data supporting that summary, and relevant information to help health care providers make prescribing decision and counsel women about the use of drugs during pregnancy. Pregnancy categories A, B, C, D and X are being phased out.
References
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
- TGA. Therapeutic Goods Administration. Australian Drug Evaluation Committee "Prescribing medicines in pregnancy: an Australian categorisation of risk of drug use in pregnancy. http://www.tga.gov.au/docs/html/medpreg.htm" (2010):
- Briggs GG, Freeman RK. "Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation." Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health (2015):
Drug and Breastfeeding Interactions
Major
Losartan
+ Breastfeeding
The following applies to the ingredients: Losartan
Professional Content
Use is not recommended and a decision should be made to discontinue breastfeeding or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Excreted into human milk: Unknown
Excreted into animal milk: Yes
Comments: The effects in the nursing infant are unknown.
References
- "Product Information. Cozaar (losartan)." Merck & Co., Inc PROD (2001):
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
Minor
Vitamin D3
+ Breastfeeding
The following applies to the ingredients: Cholecalciferol (found in Vitamin D3)
Professional Content
Use is not recommended unless the clinical condition of the woman requires treatment.
Excreted into human milk: Yes
Comments:
-Make allowance for any maternal dose if prescribing this product to a breast fed infant.
-Consider monitoring the infant's serum calcium if the mother is receiving pharmacologic doses of vitamin D.
-Vitamin D supplementation is recommended in exclusively breast fed infants.
The required dose of vitamin D during lactation has not been adequately studied; doses similar to those for pregnant women have been suggested.
Chronic ingestion of large doses of vitamin D by the mother may lead to hypercalcemia in the breastfed infant.
References
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
- Briggs GG, Freeman RK. "Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation." Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health (2015):
- IOM (Institute of Medicine). "Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D." Washington, DC: The National Academies Press (2011):
Therapeutic Duplication Warnings
No warnings were found for your selected drugs.Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.
Switch to: Professional Interactions
| Drug Interaction Classification | |
|---|---|
These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication. |
|
| Major | Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. |
| Moderate | Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. |
| Minor | Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. |
| Unknown | No interaction information available. |
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